This paper aims at exploring how countries of origin can affect
migrants’ socio-cultural integration in multicultural European
societies. Socio-cultural integration is considered through the lenses
of different kinds of social interactions between migrants and host
society namely: intermarriages, interethnic friendship, interethnic
relations in workplaces, and encounters in the neighbourhood.
The
literature review highlighted that these social interactions prove to
depend on a multiplicity of factors related mainly to the destination
country (such as residential segregation, degree of racism and
acceptance, opportunities for encounters and neighbourhood effects) and
of individual factors related to the migrant (such as demographic
characteristics, migration trajectory and length of residence and work
position). The impact of countries of origin and transnational links is
more difficult to assess considering that little research has directly
dealt with the issue. However, the paper shows that some non-state
actors such as family members and some state-actors such as Ministries
or consulates, may have an influence on the social interactions of
emigrants abroad even though this influence can be indirect. The paper
tries to map actors and related actions including very specific cases
like family pressure to discourage intermarriage or broader ones through
programmes targeting diaspora which may have an empowerment effect on
emigrants and thus foster their socio-cultural integration. Finally,
through the paper, some specific case studies on transnational ties and
integration are presented and several hypotheses and questions for
further research are highlighted.
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